Who is rich? or what is richness?
Inorder to understand poverty, this question needs to be asked? We need to understand and acknowledged. Without which we can't grasp the nature of poverty or correctly identify its root.
We need to go to basics, firstly, Human character. Rich is a person who is self-sufficient. one who has plentiful of what he desires or have the means to acquire it on his whim.
Theoretically we can categorize and define basic necessities of individual but that may not be true for each individual. Its depends on person to person. needs are never same, more so degree of needs differ vastly. one individual can be content and satisfied with 2 meals a day and the other may need 6 meals. Individuals define their own needs it is a result of individual' worldview, desires, ego, feelings/emotions, which creates needs then goes on to decide the degree of necessity, many external factor are in play in the whole process.
India was rich pre-Invasion, one can say even the poorest of person was self-sufficient. Poverty is a consequence of lack of self-sufficiency. When an individual becomes dependent on others, whether it be on group or other for example The State or Charitable organizations etc for all or most of his needs, such a person is poor.
Post-Invasions Bharat gradually became poor, every scholar, thinker, freedom fighter acknowledged the reality and suggested solutions, for some the answer to poverty was education, for some it was religion, then there were many in 20th century after the Industrial revolution, answer was industries, then there were those who thought charity was the answer! such thoughts made their ways into government policies and India's fate was written. But solution to poverty was never found.
Many Contemporary thinkers says, poverty is relative, so if you have a cycle and the other person has a car you are poor, you feel poor, you are seen as poor etc.
Solution to self-sufficiency doesn't lie in government policies but I would say what was said by many saints, rishis and religious scholars of India, It is individual' spirit, solution is dharma. The Moral degradation- hypocrisy, greed, hedonistic worldview, unreasonable materialism, irreverence, etc are the root of poverty, poverty is a sign that society has failed to uphold morals which serves collective good thus each individual is on his own. The end of symbiotic relationship within groups and amongst groups had caused one way dependency. education in itself is not solution to poverty if that education doesn't become the means to inculcate morals, righteousness, honesty, 'Vivek' (sense to discriminate between good and bad), self-control etc.
When collectively people cease to be moral, institutions built by them also fails in their duty, like how we are witness to total collapse of justice system, police system, Municipalities, and so on. ground level corruptions, Human faculty of judgment and sense of right and wrong and individual's morals are surrendered to ambiguous words or rules, laws, which are easily mis interpreted, molded, twisted by those who enforce it.
12,000 or 18,000 per month can't eradicate poverty, it is like devouring protein supplements in the hope of become more intelligent. All you will get is a temporary boost to your muscle growth, assuming you workout and are self-disciplined enough to follow a workout program.
Problem is, in the modern, cosmopolitan, humanitarian, equality driven socio-political environment, no individual will ever agree that they are greedy, liar, egoistic, unscrupulous, hypocritics etc ever,so no, there is no solution to poverty in Brain.
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SOCIAL ISSUES